Oral surgery has different branches:

Extractive surgery:  the act of extracting teeth when necessary

Dental implant surgery: he act of inserting dental implants in the root area of  missing teeth and allow functional rehabilitation.

Endodontic surgery: apicectomy is a common endodontic surgical procedure, which may be needed when inflammation or infection persists in the bony area around the tooth apex ,after a root canal procedure.

Regenerative and reconstructive oral surgery : the act of reconstructing lost or damaged bone ond soft tissues,to recreate a suitable environment for prosthetic rehabilitation often with the aid of dental implants.